feat: add runnable :samples module (#47)

* build: scaffold :samples module (issue #37)

* feat: add runnable, verified examples to :samples (issue #37)

* ci,docs: run :samples in CI and document ./gradlew :samples:run (issue #37)

samples/build.gradle.kts

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+plugins {
+    // No version: the Kotlin Gradle plugin is already on the build classpath via the root
+    // project's kotlinMultiplatform plugin, so requesting a version here would clash.
+    kotlin("jvm")
+    application
+}
+
+kotlin {
+    jvmToolchain(21)
+}
+
+application {
+    mainClass.set("com.github.adriankuta.samples.SamplesKt")
+}
+
+repositories {
+    mavenCentral()
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    implementation(project(":"))
+    implementation(project(":tree-structure-serialization"))
+    implementation(project(":tree-structure-coroutines"))
+    implementation(project(":tree-structure-immutable"))
+    // ImmutableTreeNode.children returns a PersistentList, so consumers that touch it need
+    // kotlinx.collections.immutable on their own classpath (the module declares it as implementation).
+    implementation(libs.kotlinx.collections.immutable)
+
+    testImplementation(kotlin("test"))
+}
+
+// kotlin("test") auto-selects the JUnit 5 adapter when the test task uses the JUnit Platform.
+tasks.test {
+    useJUnitPlatform()
+}

samples/src/main/kotlin/com/github/adriankuta/samples/Samples.kt

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+package com.github.adriankuta.samples
+
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.TreeNode
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.ancestors
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.anyNode
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.countNodes
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.deepCopy
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.distance
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.filterNodes
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.findNode
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.isLeaf
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.leaves
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.levelOrderSequence
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.lowestCommonAncestor
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.mapValues
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.pathBetween
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.preOrderSequence
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.structurallyEquals
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.tree
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.coroutines.asFlow
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.coroutines.preOrderFlow
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.immutable.ImmutableTreeNode
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.immutable.preOrder
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.iterators.TreeNodeIterators
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.serialization.TreeNodeDto
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.serialization.toDto
+import com.github.adriankuta.datastructure.tree.serialization.toTreeNode
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
+import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
+import kotlinx.serialization.decodeFromString
+import kotlinx.serialization.encodeToString
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+
+private fun sampleTree(): TreeNode<String> = tree("World") {
+    child("North America") {
+        child("USA")
+    }
+    child("Europe") {
+        child("Poland")
+        child("Germany")
+    }
+}
+
+/** Core API: DSL, pretty-print, traversal, navigation, functional, query, utilities, mutation. */
+fun coreSample(): String = buildString {
+    val root = sampleTree()
+
+    appendLine("prettyString():")
+    append(root.prettyString())
+    appendLine()
+
+    appendLine("pre-order:   " + root.preOrderSequence().map { it.value }.toList())
+    appendLine("level-order: " + root.levelOrderSequence().map { it.value }.toList())
+
+    val usa = root.findNode { it == "USA" }!!
+    val poland = root.findNode { it == "Poland" }!!
+    appendLine("usa.depth():       " + usa.depth())
+    appendLine("usa.ancestors():   " + usa.ancestors().map { it.value })
+    appendLine("root.leaves():     " + root.leaves().map { it.value })
+    appendLine("usa.isLeaf:        " + usa.isLeaf)
+
+    appendLine("anyNode == Poland: " + root.anyNode { it == "Poland" })
+    appendLine("filterNodes len>5: " + root.filterNodes { it.length > 5 }.map { it.value })
+    appendLine("countNodes 'U*':   " + root.countNodes { it.startsWith("U") })
+    appendLine("mapValues length:  " + root.mapValues { it.length }.preOrderSequence().map { it.value }.toList())
+    appendLine("deepCopy equals:   " + root.structurallyEquals(root.deepCopy()))
+
+    appendLine("lowestCommonAncestor(USA, Poland): " + usa.lowestCommonAncestor(poland)?.value)
+    appendLine("pathBetween(USA, Poland):          " + usa.pathBetween(poland)?.map { it.value })
+    appendLine("distance(USA, Poland):             " + usa.distance(poland))
+
+    appendLine("nodeCount(): " + root.nodeCount())
+    appendLine("height():    " + root.height())
+    appendLine("path(USA):   " + root.path(usa)?.map { it.value })
+
+    // Mutation on a copy; the shared sampleTree() stays untouched.
+    val mutable = root.deepCopy()
+    mutable.addChild(TreeNode("Asia"))
+    mutable.findNode { it == "Germany" }?.detach()
+    appendLine("after addChild(Asia) + detach(Germany): " + mutable.preOrderSequence().map { it.value }.toList())
+}
+
+/** Serialization satellite: TreeNode -> TreeNodeDto -> JSON -> TreeNodeDto -> TreeNode round-trip. */
+fun serializationSample(): String = buildString {
+    val root = sampleTree()
+    val json = Json.encodeToString(root.toDto())
+    appendLine("JSON: $json")
+    val restored = Json.decodeFromString<TreeNodeDto<String>>(json).toTreeNode()
+    appendLine("round-trips structurallyEquals: " + root.structurallyEquals(restored))
+}
+
+/** Coroutines satellite: traverse the tree as a cold Flow. */
+fun coroutinesSample(): String = buildString {
+    val root = sampleTree()
+    val preOrder = runBlocking { root.preOrderFlow().map { it.value }.toList() }
+    val levelOrder = runBlocking { root.asFlow(TreeNodeIterators.LevelOrder).map { it.value }.toList() }
+    appendLine("preOrderFlow():     $preOrder")
+    appendLine("asFlow(LevelOrder): $levelOrder")
+}
+
+/** Immutable satellite: persistent tree; every op returns a new root, leaving the original intact. */
+fun immutableSample(): String = buildString {
+    val root = ImmutableTreeNode("World").addChild(ImmutableTreeNode("Europe"))
+    val bigger = root.addChild(ImmutableTreeNode("Asia"))
+    appendLine("root.children:   " + root.children.map { it.value })
+    appendLine("bigger.children: " + bigger.children.map { it.value })
+    appendLine("root unchanged:  " + (root.children.size == 1))
+    appendLine("bigger.mapValues uppercase preOrder: " + bigger.mapValues { it.uppercase() }.preOrder().map { it.value })
+}
+
+fun main() {
+    println("== Core ==")
+    println(coreSample())
+    println("== Serialization ==")
+    println(serializationSample())
+    println("== Coroutines ==")
+    println(coroutinesSample())
+    println("== Immutable ==")
+    println(immutableSample())
+}

samples/src/test/kotlin/com/github/adriankuta/samples/SamplesTest.kt

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+package com.github.adriankuta.samples
+
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertContains
+
+class SamplesTest {
+
+    @Test
+    fun coreSampleRendersTreeAndTraversals() {
+        val out = coreSample()
+        assertContains(
+            out,
+            "World\n" +
+                "├── North America\n" +
+                "│   └── USA\n" +
+                "└── Europe\n" +
+                "    ├── Poland\n" +
+                "    └── Germany\n",
+        )
+        assertContains(out, "[World, North America, USA, Europe, Poland, Germany]")
+        assertContains(out, "[North America, World]") // usa.ancestors()
+        assertContains(out, "[USA, Poland, Germany]") // root.leaves()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun serializationSampleRoundTrips() {
+        val out = serializationSample()
+        assertContains(out, "\"World\"")
+        assertContains(out, "round-trips structurallyEquals: true")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun coroutinesSampleCollectsFlows() {
+        val out = coroutinesSample()
+        assertContains(out, "preOrderFlow():     [World, North America, USA, Europe, Poland, Germany]")
+        assertContains(out, "asFlow(LevelOrder): [World, North America, Europe, USA, Poland, Germany]")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun immutableSampleLeavesRootUnchanged() {
+        val out = immutableSample()
+        assertContains(out, "root.children:   [Europe]")
+        assertContains(out, "bigger.children: [Europe, Asia]")
+        assertContains(out, "root unchanged:  true")
+    }
+}